This article will teach you what systemd is and why it replaced SysVinit; what systemd unit files are; how to list all and specific unit files; and how to view the content of a unit configuration file. Why SystemD? To understand Systemd, you must first
In this article, you will learn about the short description of the init process, the runlevels of init, and the init command in a Linux system. What is Init Process? In layman’s terms, when you press the power button, your system will first look for
Proc file system (short for “procfs”, referring to “/proc” dir) is a virtual file system (not a real file system) that is mounted on system boot to store information related to running processes. The proc file system stores useful information about the running process and
In this article, you will learn everything about file descriptors, like their uses in Linux, what a file descriptor table is, how to view the file descriptors under a specific process, and how to change the limit of a file descriptor in Linux. What are
In this article, you will learn what an inode is, how to check an inode and its size in Linux, and their roles in soft/hard links and system updates. What is Inode in Linux? In your Linux filesystem, an inode (or index node) is a
When you interactively login to your system, you usually interact with your main shell from the terminal to execute commands; however, from your main shell (or parent shell), you can spawn a subshell (or child shell). Confused? I knew this would be more difficult, especially
The UNIX/Linux shell is a command-line program that creates a bridge between the terminal emulator and kernel to allow users to enter commands, execute programs, and perform various other tasks by typing commands at the command prompt. Once the shell has finished executing the user
The “login shell” is a term used to define which shell (like Sh, Bash, or Zsh) will be used to load the environment variables and shell configuration files when you log into an interactive session. 💡 Once you log into your system using a pre-defined
Renaming files and directories is one of the most basic tasks that every Linux user performs regularly using the GUI or command line tools. In both of these tools, renaming a single file is pretty easy, but renaming multiple files can be trickier, especially for
When you create a directory and add files to it, any user who has access to your system and knows how to use the ls command may simply list the files in that directory and see what you have added to it. You can stop
In Linux, the rename command is an amazing utility that allows you to rename single or multiple files at once, based on a set of rules or regular expressions you specify. Most of the time, the mv command is used to rename files or folders.
In Linux, you use the useradd, passwd, usermod, and gpasswd commands to modify users or group-related information, like creating them, deleting them, assigning passwords, etc. Note that these commands only provide you an interface to modify the “/etc/passwd“, “/etc/shadow“, “/etc/group“, and “/etc/gshadow” files with safety
